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It's also known as Caapora. That's a mythic Tupi
character of the Brazilian forests, featuring certain
characteristics according to the region: it's a dark skinned
little boy or a little Indian child, agile and naked
or wearing a "tanga" and smoking a pipe; or a brave Indian
girl, friendly to the human contact but very jealous and
ferocious when betrayed, running any kind of business and
enterprise belonging to the ones who see her; also as a
child with a big head or a one legged woman who walks
hopping. From the State of Maranhão (in the North) to the
South, is presented as a tapuia (a kind of Indian), dark and
fast; in the State of Ceará (in the North) besides the
common type, is also presented with curly hair, burning coal
eyes, ridding a wild pork and squeezing a japenga
branch with the hand; in the State of Pernambuco (also in
the North) it appears with only one rounded foot, followed
by the dog "Honey-Eater" (Papa-Mel).
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In the State
of Bahia is a "cabocla" (caboclo - masculine -
or cabocla - feminine - is the inhabitant of the
countryside and also the mixed race between the
White and the Indian) or an old black man or
even a little black kid that "can only be seen
one half" - like the classic African entities;
along the Saint Francis River (Rio São
Francisco), the States of Minas Gerais and Bahia,
is a little enchanted caboclo, inhabitant of the
forests, with a rounded face and only an eye
right in the middle of the front;
in the State of Paraná as well as in the whole
South, is a hairy giant, both symbols of
physical force. He loves cachaça (the popular
alcoholic Brazilian beverage made of sugar cane)
and tobacco, making crazy, cheating and bringing
"caiporism" for the chasers that do not give him
such offerings. He reigns over all animals and
make secret pacts with the chasers, punishing
them with death if the pact is reveled to
others, or betrayed. He beats unmercifully the
chasers' dogs; whistles disorienting the chasers
and in the State of Sergipe, he kills the
voyagers with tickling. King of the prey, he can
resurrect the animals that were killed without
his permission by the contact of the muzzle of
his ridding pig, his rod stick, the touch of the
japenga branch or a simple verbal order what
terrifies the people of the countryside. |
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It's
been discussed the existence of the
Caapora-Caipora of the 16th century,
contemporary of the Curupira of the colonial times and
not simply a later "fusion". Friar André Thevet informs
of the horror among the Indians about "an evil spirit
that takes them during the night", called Agnan, Peaa-Onan ou Kaa-gerre,
being equally menacing. Jean de Léry called him Kaegerre,
a corruption of the name guara, "inhabitant", "local".
Father Daniel, a missionary in the Amazon (1780 a1797),
tells us about the ancient meaning of the word:
"from
what it's inferred that the devil disguised in human
figure, coropira, has many communications with the
already civilized brothers living in villages; and much
more with the savage ones who call him caaporas, that
is, inhabitants of the bush".
During the night, the Indians defended themselves in the
journeys with a torch exactly like the black Africans or
the Orientals that this way kept the fabulous beats away
in the dark hours, with the clarity only mastered by
men. There are reports that the garlic keeps the Caipora
away and the interdiction of chasing during the Holy
Friday, what identifies the acculturation of the
catholic catechesis to the myth.
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click on the images
to enlarge |
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